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  Lost Bridges

Hennepin Avenue East Channel Bridges (1853 - 1869/1869 - 1878/1878 - 1973/1973 - present)

In chronological order: wood beam span supported by pilings; wood truss bridge; stone arch bridge; steel beam bridges

Even before the first Hennepin Avenue suspension bridge spanned the main river channel, smaller bridges had been built to connect Nicollet Island to the east bank of the river. The early settler and entrepreneur Franklin Steele staked a claim on the east side of the river near the Falls in July 1838, anticipating that the area would soon be opened by the government for acquisition by private landowners. In 1847, his crews built a dam across the channels from the east bank to Hennepin Island and then to Nicollet Island. This dam powered a sawmill he had built at the north end of Hennepin Island. The dam served another useful purpose, though, in acting as a sort of bridge to bring pedestrians half-way across the river from the east bank. From that point, Steele operated a rope-drawn ferry service to carry passengers to the west bank. In 1853, he built a rough wooden beam span bridge from the east bank to the downstream end of Nicollet Island at Bay Street (now East Hennepin Avenue).

 
 
East channel Hennepin Avenue bridge: wooden beam span bridge 1853-1869 (excerpt from Beal stereoview, RBR collection), view looking downstream from east bank, Nicollet Island at right
 
 
This was replaced in 1869 with a wooden through-truss bridge supported by three masonry piers, which, in turn, was demolished in 1878 for a new five-arch stone arch bridge. The stone arch bridge lasted for nearly a century; only in 1973 was it replaced with a pair of steel beam bridges, each carrying one-way traffic. These bridges are still in place, connecting the Hennepin Avenue bridge to East Hennepin and First avenues on the east bank. They were repainted in 1990 to match the newly-constructed suspension bridge.




10th Avenue South/Lower Bridge (1873 - 1943)
Engineering for this bridge type

This bridge, like the Upper (first Plymouth Avenue) Bridge, was built as part of the agreement made between the cities of St. Anthony and Minneapolis when they consolidated in 1872. In 1873, an iron truss bridge on masonry piers was built by the King Bridge Company of Topeka, Kansas, connecting 10th Avenue South on the west bank with 6th Avenue Southeast on the east side. It was originally known as the Lower Bridge and later as the 10th Avenue Bridge. In deteriorating condition, it was closed to vehicular traffic in 1934 and was demolished in early 1943, with the scrap iron recycled for use in World War II. One masonry pier still stands like a sentinel in the river near the east bank. This bridge should not be confused with the current 10th Avenue (Cedar Avenue) bridge, built in 1929, which is located downstream of the earlier bridge.

To right: Lower Bridge (stereoview, ca. ____; RBR collection), viewed from foot of 10th Avenue on the west bank
 
 
 

Minneapolis Western Railroad Bridge (1887 - 1952)

Engineering for this bridge type

As the milling district on the west side of the Falls grew, so did a complex of railyards to facilitate shipment of raw materials and finished goods. The Minneapolis Western Railroad was incorporated in 1884 specifically to serve the flour mills, and by 1891 it had started building riverside yards just downstream of the mills. In 1887, it built an iron truss bridge to serve the future railyard; this bridge followed a diagonal alignment across the river and to bring trains to its railyards along the river and leaving the east bank at 8th Avenue Southeast and reaching the west bank at 11th Avenue South. It was acquired by the Great Northern Railroad in 1928 and demolished in 1952.

 
 
at left: postcard ca. 1917 showing the following bridges, heading upriver: Minneapolis Western Railroad, Lower, Stone Arch; falsework for the Third Avenue bridge, under construction, at rear (RBR collection)
 
 


Other Lost Bridges


In addition to the bridges discussed here, a number of other bridges have come and gone from the Minneapolis Riverfront District. These include:

  • The Christmas Avenue Bridge (at today’s Broadway Avenue), in place for a few years in the 1850s


  • A bridge at 20th Avenue South, also short-lived in the 1850s

  • The Minneapolis and St. Louis Railroad/Minneapolis Western Railroad trestle; built first as a wood trestle structure in 1878 and rebuilt in iron in 1885, this structure was a rail spur elevated over the 1st Street waterpower canal (today’s West River Parkway Plank Road). It was demolished in 1936.
  • The Minneapolis Eastern Railroad trestle (1879-1962), another elevated rail spur which served the west-side mills from the river (tailrace) side. Remnants of the iron trestle supports are visible in Mill Ruins Park.
  • A short railroad bridge on the west side at 10th Avenue South, built 1892. This bridge carried the tracks of the Minneapolis and St. Louis Railroad into the east end of the milling district. Portions of this bridge may be incorporated into today’s West River Parkway adjacent to the Guthrie Theater complex.
  • Various small wooden footbridges, particularly in the period from 1855-1870. Photographs and maps from this period show small bridges, often just two or three planks wide, with no railings, suspended just inches above the river surface to provide access from each bank to the many small islands which dotted the area.
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    Looking north at the Boom Island and southern Bassett's Creek areas in about 1904. The Boom Island railroad yards are in the right center. Just to the south is the West Side Power building at the right center with the North Star Sawmill just to the left of it. The bridge in the center is the Plymouth Avenue Bridge with the Broadway Bridge and a Northern Pacific Railroad bridge to the north. Note the large stacks of lumber and the numerous steam-powered sawmills along the river.